Control Controlling - Elements Steps Inwards The Command Process

Definition of Control

According to Allen,

"Control agency to guide something inwards the management it is intended to go."

Definition of Controlling

According to James Stoner,

"Controlling is the procedure of ensuring that actual activities adjust to the planned activities."

5 Steps In Control Process

Five principal steps inwards the command procedure amongst diagram are discussed below :-

1. Fixing the Control Standards / Objectives / Targets

A measure is a criterion (base) which is used to stair out the functioning of the subordinates. Standards may last of 2 types, i.e. Quantitative Standards too Qualitative Standards.

Quantitative Standard tin last easily defined too measured. For e.g. seat out of products, seat out of customers, cost, cyberspace profit, fourth dimension limits, etc.

Qualitative Standard cannot last easily defined too measured. For e.g. measuring of morale, measuring of chore satisfaction, measuring of resultant of a preparation programme, promotion programme, etc. It is amend to possess got quantitative standards because they are measurable. However, today at that spot are many novel techniques for measuring qualitative standards.

The standards should last every bit clear every bit possible. It should last easily understood past times both superiors too subordinates. The responsibleness of each private should also last clearly defined i.e. everyone should last responsible for achieving a item goal, objective, target, etc. For e.g. The marketing subdivision fixes a measure - "We volition sell 2,000 units of production X inwards 1 month". So hither the measure is 2,000 units.

2. Measuring the Actual Performances

After establishing the standards, the subordinates should last provided amongst all the resources for performing the job. They should last properly directed too motivated to perform the job. Similarly, they should last properly supervised. If the subordinated come upward nether Theory X they bespeak maximum supervision. However, if they come, nether Theory Y too therefore they bespeak minimum supervision. After they consummate the chore their functioning should last carefully measured. There are many traditional too modern techniques for measuring the performances of subordinates.

For e.g. After 1 month, the marketing subdivision sold solely 10,000 units of production X. So, their actual functioning is solely 10,000 units.

3. Comparision

The actual performances of the subordinates are compared amongst established standards, too and therefore the deviations are found out. The deviations which are found out may last positive or negative.

Positive Deviation agency that the actual performances are amend than the established standards. Positive deviations should last appreciated.

Negative Deviation agency that the actual functioning is less than the established standards. The management should pay particular attending to the negative deviation. They should notice out the causes of negative deviations.

Generally, shaver (small) deviations are ignored. However, major deviations should last right away addressed too reported to the hap management. PERT, Budgetary Control, Observation, Inspection, Reports, etc. are to a greater extent than or less of the methods used for comparison.

For e.g. 10,000 units (Standard) - 9,000 units (Actual Performance) = 1,000 units (Negative Deviation).

4. Corrective Action

After finding out the negative deviations too their causes, the managers should accept steps to right these deviations. Corrective actions should last taken promptly. Corrective activity may include, changing the standards, providing amend motivation, giving amend training, using amend machines, etc. The management should accept essential steps to preclude these deviations inwards the future.

For e.g. The crusade of the negative departure was less advertising too untrained salesmen. So, the companionship must pass reasonable coin on advertising too training.

5. Follow-up

After taking corrective action, the management must create a follow-up. Follow-up is done to notice out whether the corrective actions are taken properly. It also finds out whether the deviations too their causes are removed. If follow-up is done properly, too therefore the actual functioning volition last equal to or amend than the established standards.

Articles on Control / Controlling

Read articles on Control / Controlling :-

1. Requirements of a Good Control System.
2. Advantages of Controlling.
3. Techniques of Controlling.