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Arnold Kling's Askblog quotes Robert J. Mann
Wal-Mart’s application to shape a banking concern ignited disceptation amid disparate groups, ranging from nuptials backers to realtor’s groups to charitable organizations. The dominant voice, though, was that of independent bankers complaining that the big-box retailer would drive them out of business. Wal-Mart denied whatever involvement inwards competing alongside local banks yesteryear opening branches, claiming that it was interested exclusively inwards payments processing. Distrusting Wal-Mart, the independent bankers urged the FDIC to deny Wal-Mart’s asking as well as lobbied acre as well as federal lawmakers to block Wal-Mart’s plans through legislation. Ultimately, WalMart withdrew its application, final that it stood lilliputian endangerment of overcoming the opposition.
Isle of Mann also writes
... I combat that permitting Wal-Mart to accept a banking concern would accept a salutary lawsuit on the relatively uncompetitive marketplace for payment networks. The dominant seat of Visa as well as MasterCard, inwards which payments are priced inwards a higher house cost to subsidize credit, inevitably volition hand trend to a basis inwards which payment services are priced at cost, or fifty-fifty below cost every bit a loss-leader to attract customers to other goods as well as services.  
As the start quote shows, Walmart was exclusively trying to procedure payments to a greater extent than efficiently -- because it already saw the endangerment to offering banking services, lend, as well as other banking functions would live on blocked.

Arnold also points to this yesteryear Lawrence J. White.

Arnold sums up,
We are ever told that nosotros take away rule to protect consumers as well as brand the fiscal scheme safer. That is the theory. The do is that rule rattling oft gets used to bound competition. 
Many people inwards the USA nonetheless do non accept regular banking concern accounts, as well as mayhap wisely as well as thence every bit banks notoriously suck coin from pitiable people alongside pesky fees. Yet cashing a social safety banking concern jibe remains a problem. Imagine minor town America inwards which Walmart also offers banking services.

If it's non obvious, Walmart banks would live on much safer than traditional banks. Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 banking concern tied to a huge retailer would non live on financed yesteryear astronomical leverage, as well as if the banking concern lost coin the equity holders of Walmart would selection upward the losses.

Walmart has also faced a lot of resistance as well as restrictions inwards opening clinics. Imagine minor town America inwards which simple, inexpensive Walmart clinics tin offering a much wider arrive at of services.

It's worth remembering how much opposition Walmart already overcame. It was the Uber of its day. A&P, its predecessor, was widely opposed, every bit was Walmart. Walmart nonetheless faces nuptials opposition -- every bit I left it was nonetheless blocked from operating inwards the metropolis of Chicago. Imagine the southward side of Chicago populated alongside Walmarts, Walclinics as well as Walbanks! Thank its legislators as well as regulators for protecting its citizens from that nightmare.

Update:

An first-class blog postal service yesteryear Larry White on Walmart's troubles inwards starting a bank. Influenza A virus subtype H5N1 primary obstruction is the dominion that banking concern belongings companies can't live on engaged inwards "commerce." Larry also points out only how much the other banks utilisation this to travel out along out competition.

the Dodd-Frank Act of 2010 placed a three-year moratorium on the granting of deposit insurance to whatever novel (or newly acquired) ILC. Although the moratorium expired inwards 2013, banking concern regulators seem to accept “gotten the message” that the commerce-finance barrier should rest intact.

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